Get the Important Logical Reasoning Questions for CAT 2024 Here

Overview: Preparing for the CAT requires a firm grasp of Logical reasoning. This guide covers logical reasoning questions for CAT exam 2024. Continue reading to know the list of questions asked in the CAT exam's LR section!

• The Logical reasoning section of the CAT exam is all about solving patterns, series and puzzles.
• Logical reasoning is the subpart of the DILR section and asks about ten questions.
• The DILR section of the CAT exam consist of 20 questions equally divided into the two sections.

Scroll down to get insights of the most important questions of the Logical reasoning section of the CAT exam 2024!

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Introduction to Logical Reasoning for CAT Exam 2024

Logical Reasoning (LR) is a crucial component of the Data Interpretation and Logical Reasoning (DILR) section in the CAT exam. This section tests your ability to analyze and solve complex problems using logical thinking and reasoning skills.

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Key Topics in Logical Reasoning

The logical reasoning section of the CAT exam consist of various topics like:

Topic	Sub-Topic 1	Sub-Topic 2
Seating Arrangements	Linear Arrangements	Circular Arrangements
Blood Relations	Understanding family relationships	Drawing family trees
Syllogisms	Logical deductions	Understanding premises and conclusions
Venn Diagrams	Set theory	Solving problems using Venn diagrams
Puzzles	Analytical puzzles	Logical puzzles
Series Completion	Number series	Alphabet series
Coding-Decoding	Alphabet coding	Number coding
Logical Sequences	Sequence and series	Pattern identification
Direction Sense	Navigational skills	Understanding directions
Input-Output Arrangements	Process sequences	Flowcharts
Analogies	Understanding relationships	Identifying patterns

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Practice Questions and Solutions

Sample Question

Five friends - Alex, Ben, Charlie, David, and Emily - are sitting in a row. Charlie is sitting next to David, but not next to Emily. Ben is sitting next to Emily. Who is sitting at the extreme left?

Solution

Let's break down the information step by step:

1. Charlie is sitting next to David, but not next to Emily. This means Charlie and David are adjacent, but Charlie is not adjacent to Emily.
2. Ben is sitting next to Emily. This means Ben and Emily are adjacent.

From the above information, we can deduce the following:

• Charlie and David are adjacent, so they must be sitting together.
• Ben and Emily are adjacent, so they must be sitting together.
• Since Charlie is not adjacent to Emily, Charlie and David must be sitting on one side, and Ben and Emily on the other side.

The possible arrangement is: Alex - Charlie - David - Ben - Emily

Therefore, Alex is sitting at the extreme left.

Sample Question

Six people - A, B, C, D, E, and F - are sitting in a circle. A is sitting between B and C. D is sitting between E and F. Who is sitting opposite to A?

Solution

Let's break down the information step by step:

1. A is sitting between B and C. This means A is adjacent to both B and C.
2. D is sitting between E and F. This means D is adjacent to both E and F.

From the above information, we can deduce the following:

• A is sitting between B and C, so A is opposite to D.
• D is sitting between E and F, so D is opposite to A.

Therefore, D is sitting opposite to A.

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Logical Reasoning Question for CAT: Linear Arrangements

Sample Question

A, B, C, D, and E are standing in a line. A is standing next to B, but not next to C. D is standing next to E. Who is standing at the extreme right?

Solution

Let's break down the information step by step:

1. A is standing next to B, but not next to C. This means A and B are adjacent, but A is not adjacent to C.
2. D is standing next to E. This means D and E are adjacent.

From the above information, we can deduce the following:

• A and B are adjacent, so they must be standing together.
• D and E are adjacent, so they must be standing together.
• Since A is not adjacent to C, A and B must be standing on one side, and D and E on the other side.

The possible arrangement is: C - A - B - D - E

Therefore, E is standing at the extreme right.

Blood Relations

Sample Question

A is the brother of B. C is the sister of B. D is the father of A. Who is the grandfather of C?

Solution

Let's break down the information step by step:

1. A is the brother of B. This means A and B are siblings.
2. C is the sister of B. This means C is also a sibling of A.
3. D is the father of A. This means D is the parent of A and B (since A and B are siblings).

From the above information, we can deduce the following:

• D is the father of A and B.
• C is the sister of A and B.

Therefore, D is the grandfather of C.

Syllogisms

Sample Question

All dogs are animals. Some animals are mammals. What can be concluded about dogs?

Solution

Let's break down the information step by step:

1. All dogs are animals. This means dogs are a subset of animals.
2. Some animals are mammals. This means mammals are a subset of animals.

From the above information, we can deduce the following:

• Dogs are a subset of animals.
• Mammals are a subset of animals.

Therefore, some dogs are mammals.

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Venn Diagrams

Sample Question

In a class of 50 students, 30 students like cricket, 20 students like football, and 10 students like both cricket and football. How many students like neither cricket nor football?

Solution

Let's draw a Venn diagram to represent the information:

Cricket: 30 students Football: 20 students Both: 10 students

From the Venn diagram, we can see that:

• 30 - 10 = 20 students like cricket only.
• 20 - 10 = 10 students like football only.
• 10 students like both cricket and football.

Total students = 50

Therefore, 50 - 20 - 10 - 10 = 10 students like neither cricket nor football.

Puzzles

Sample Question

Five friends - A, B, C, D, and E - are playing a game. Each friend has a different number of chocolates - 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. A says, "I have more chocolates than B." B says, "I have more chocolates than C." C says, "I have more chocolates than D." D says, "I have more chocolates than E." Who has the most chocolates?

Solution

Let's break down the information step by step:

1. A has more chocolates than B.
2. B has more chocolates than C.
3. C has more chocolates than D.
4. D has more chocolates than E.

From the above information, we can deduce the following:

• A has the most chocolates.

Series Completion

Sample Question

Complete the following series: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, __, 49

Solution

The series is a sequence of perfect squares.

1. 1^2 = 1
2. 2^2 = 4
3. 3^2 = 9
4. 4^2 = 16
5. 5^2 = 25
6. 7^2 = 49

Therefore, the missing number is 49.

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Coding-Decoding

Sample Question

If "A" is coded as "B", "B" is coded as "C", "C" is coded as "D", and so on, what is the code for "Z"?

Solution

The coding system is a simple alphabet shift, where each letter is shifted one place forward.

• A is coded as B
• B is coded as C
• C is coded as D
• Z is coded as A

Therefore, the code for "Z" is "A".

Logical Sequences

Sample Question

Identify the next number in the series: 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, __

Solution

The series is a sequence of prime numbers.

• 1 is a prime number.
• 2 is a prime number.
• 3 is a prime number.
• 4 is not a prime number.
• 5 is a prime number.
• 6 is not a prime number.
• 7 is a prime number.
• 8 is not a prime number.
• 9 is not a prime number.
• 10 is not a prime number.
• 11 is a prime number.
• 12 is not a prime number.

Therefore, the next number in the series is 13, which is a prime number.

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Direction Sense

Sample Question

A person starts walking from point A towards point B. After walking for 5 minutes, he takes a right turn and walks for another 5 minutes. He then takes a left turn and walks for 5 minutes. Finally, he takes a right turn and walks for 5 minutes. In which direction is he facing now?

Solution

Let's break down the information step by step:

1. The person starts walking from point A towards point B.
2. He walks for 5 minutes and takes a right turn.
3. He walks for another 5 minutes and takes a left turn.
4. He walks for 5 minutes and takes a right turn.

From the above information, we can deduce the following:

• After taking the first right turn, the person is facing east.
• After taking the left turn, the person is facing north.
• After taking the second right turn, the person is facing east.

Therefore, the person is facing east.

Input-Output Arrangements

Sample Question

If the input is "12345" and the output is "54321", what is the output for the input "67890"? 

Solution

The output is the reverse of the input.

Input: 12345 Output: 54321

Input: 67890 Output: 09876

Therefore, the output for the input "67890" is "09876".

Analogies

Sample Question

If "A" is to "B" as "C" is to "D", what is the relationship between "A" and "C"?

Solution

The relationship between "A" and "B" is that "B" is the next letter in the alphabet after "A".

Similarly, the relationship between "C" and "D" is that "D" is the next letter in the alphabet after "C".

Therefore, the relationship between "A" and "C" is that "C" is the next letter in the alphabet after "A".

Tips and Strategies for Logical Reasoning

TIP 1: Time Management: The Key to Success

Allocate specific time slots for each logical reasoning question type during your practice sessions and the exam.

This will help you stay focused, avoid wasting time on a single question, and ensure you attempt all the questions within the given time frame. 

TIP 2: Practice with Mock Tests: The Ultimate Game-Changer

Regularly taking mock tests is an excellent way to familiarize yourself with the exam pattern, improve your speed and accuracy, and identify areas that need improvement.

Mock tests will help you get comfortable with the question types, difficulty levels, and time pressure.

Moreover, they'll enable you to develop a strategy for tackling each type of question, boosting your confidence and performance on the exam day.

TIP 3: Analyzing Previous Years' Papers: Uncover the Secrets

Reviewing previous years' CAT papers is an excellent way to understand the types of questions asked, the difficulty level, and the exam pattern.

By analyzing these papers, you'll be able to identify the most common question types, the frequently tested topics, and the areas where you need to focus your efforts.

This will help you prepare more effectively, prioritize your studies, and develop a winning strategy.

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Step-by-Step Problem-Solving Approach: The Secret to Success

Adopting a systematic approach to solving problems is essential for success in Logical Reasoning. Here's a step-by-step approach that you can follow:

• Read the question carefully: Take your time to read the question, understand what's being asked, and identify the critical information.
• Identify the critical information: Identify the crucial elements of the question, such as the rules, constraints, and relationships.
• Apply logical reasoning: Use your skills to analyze the information, identify patterns, and find the solution.
• Verify your answer: Once you've found the solution, verify it by re-reading the question and ensuring that your answer meets all the conditions.

By following this step-by-step approach, you'll be able to solve problems systematically, avoid mistakes, and improve your accuracy.

Common Mistakes to Avoid: Don't Fall into the Trap

Here are some common mistakes that you should avoid when solving Logical Reasoning questions:

• Misinterpreting the question: Ensure you understand what's being asked before solving the problem.
• Ignoring given conditions or constraints: Always read the question carefully and identify the critical information, including any conditions or limitations.

Rushing through the problem without proper analysis:

• Take your time to analyze the problem.
• Identify the critical information.
• Apply logical reasoning to find the solution.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can improve your accuracy, reduce stress levels, and perform better on exams.

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Additional Information for Effective Preparation

• Time Management: During practice, allocate specific time slots for each type of logical reasoning question. Stick to these timings to improve your speed.
• Regular Practice: Consistency is key. Regularly practising different types of questions will enhance your familiarity and speed.
• Mock Tests: Take full-length mock tests to simulate exam conditions. This helps you manage time and understand the exam pattern.
• Analyzing Performance: After taking mock tests, analyze your performance. Identify your strengths and weaknesses, and work on improving weak areas.
• Understanding Patterns: Focus on understanding common patterns and logic used in previous years' CAT questions. This can give you a significant advantage.
• Healthy Study Routine: Maintain a balanced study routine with breaks, a healthy diet, and exercise to keep your mind fresh and focused.
• Resources: Use a mix of resources, including books, online platforms, and mobile apps, to diversify your learning and practice materials.

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Conclusion

Grasping logical reasoning concepts is essential for CAT success. Topics like seating arrangements, blood relations, syllogisms, and more form the basis of logical problem-solving skills. Regular practice with sample questions is crucial.

Understanding and practising these concepts will enhance problem-solving abilities and improve performance on the CAT exam. Stay consistent, practice regularly, and approach your preparation positively.